Polkadot is a proof-of-stake cryptocurrency designed to allow interoperability of permissioned and permissionless blockchains by creating parallel blockchains. It therefore enables developers to create their own blockchains while using the inherent security protocols that Polkadot already has.
Who is behind this? Gavin Wood, Robert Habermeier and Peter Czaban
Polkadot Whitepaper (https://polkadot.network/PolkaDotPaper.pdf)